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Biological Conservation Newsletter

No. 142
March 1995

Editor: Jane Villa-Lobos

CONSERVATION IN MAURITIUS AND RODRIGUES

By Mike Maunder

Isolated oceanic islands contain some the world's most threatened ecosystems. These unique communities are the home to many species found nowhere else on earth and provide a real challenge to conservationists. However, the main phase of environmental destruction for a number of islands has passed, and the opportunity now exists to both restore degraded habitats and reintroduce lost and threatened species.

Mauritius and Rodrigues in the Indian Ocean are recognized as centers of endemism for vascular plants, birds, reptiles and molluscs. The islands contain some of the world's rarest plant and animal species. Between 800 and 900 plant species occur on Mauritius, including 8 endemic genera. Three hundred species of plants are only found on Mauritius, of these about 80% are threatened with extinction.

The future of conservation on Mauritius and Rodrigues lies with developing collaborative conservation programs linking national ministries with local non-governmental groups and international conservation agencies. This allows a broad base of expertise to be utilized. In recognition of this need a cooperative agreement was signed on the 5th of December at the Jersey Wildlife Preservation Trust headquarters between conservation agencies and the Mauritius government. Signatories from the Jersey Wildlife Preservation Trust (JWPT), the Mauritius Wildlife Fund (MWF), the Fauna and Flora Preservation Society (FFPS), and the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (RBGK) joined the Minister of Agriculture and Natural Resources, the Hon. Keertee Ruhee, Government of Mauritius. Through established patterns of collaboration the partners are supporting habitat survey and management, species re-introduction and captive propagation, professional training and capacity building. This agreement builds on the long involvement of JWPT and MWF in promoting conservation on Mauritius, such as the successful recovery of the Mauritian kestrel, once described as the rarest bird in the world. The organizations involved will provide the required skills in the horticultural and conservation management of threatened plants and habitats (RBGK), island restoration, vertebrate captive breeding and introductions (JWPT), training and institutional strengthening (FFPS). Three priority areas include: the relictual areas of forest on Rodrigues; the remnant lowland forest community on Ile aux Aigrettes; and the highly degraded but recovering Round Island.

Tha Mascarenes are not unique with regard to the extent of environmental degradation and to the large number of critically endangered taxa. A massive initiative in island restoration will be required in many island areas, such as the Caribbean, Polynesia and the Philippines, to ensure the survival of threatened biotas and essential landscape services such as the retention of watersheds. The conservation work underway on Mauritius is a model of integrated conservation management. For more information, contact: Mike Maunder, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AB, England; Fax: 44-81-332-5582.

BRAZILIAN CANOPIES

Several individuals in Brazil are preparing a directory of people working on canopy biology in Brazil. Researchers working in Brazil are invited to send an abstract with name, address, title and a one-page description of research activities on canopy biology, including a list of published papers, reports, and projects. The directory will be sent to many universities in Brazil as well as to those outside of Brazil working on canopy biology.

Please send information to: Julio Cesar Voltolini, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Zoologia, CP 20520, CEP 01452-990, Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil; e-mail: jcvoltol@cat.cce.usp.br or Daniela Kolhy Ferraz, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ecologia Geral, CP 11461, CEP 05422- 970, Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil; e-mail: dkferraz@cat.cce.usp.br.

REQUEST FOR BIOSYSTEMATIC LITERATURE

The Association of Systematics Collections (ASC) is embarking on a second round of obtaining biosystematic literature for the Biodiversity Information Exchange with Cuba Project. This time, literature acquired will be distributed to institutions outside of Havana. Cuban research institutions, trying to build biodiversity information resources, have a great need for current and back issues of taxonomic journals, the Smithsonian Contributions series and other ecological and biosystematic literature. To donate and for more information, please contact Elizabeth Hathway, ASC, 730 11th Street, N.W., Second Floor, Washington, DC 20001-4521; Tel.: (202) 347-2850; Fax: (202) 347- 0072.

CALL FOR PROPOSALS

The Center for Field Research (CFR) invites proposals for 1996 field grants awarded by its affiliate Earthwatch. Earthwatch is an international non-profit organization dedicated to research and public education in the sciences and humanities. Earthwatch field grants average $20,000. These funds are derived from the contributions of Earthwatch members who pay for the opportunity to join scientists in the field and assist with data collection and other research tasks. Earthwatch field grants cover the costs of maintaining volunteers and principal investigators in the field, and may help with other field expenses. Preliminary proposals should be submitted at least 13 months in advance of anticipated field dates. Full proposals are invited upon review of preliminary proposals.

For more information, contact: Dee Robbins, Life Sciences Program Director, The Center for Field Research, 680 Mt. Auburn St., Watertown, MA 02172; Tel.: (617) 926-8200; Fax: (617) 926- 8532; e-mail: drobbins@earthwatch.org or Sean Doolan, Scientific Development Officer, Earthwatch Europe, Belsyre Court, 57 Woodstock Rd., Oxford, OX2 6HU, England; Tel.: (0865) 311 600; Fax: (0865) 311 383; e-mail: doolan@vax.oxford.ac.uk.

CALL FOR PAPERS

The Organization of Fish and Wildlife Information Managers (OFWIM) requests papers for its 3rd annual meeting which will be held in Fayetteville, Arkansas August 5-6, 1995. The goal of the meeting to to allow people interested in fish and wildlife information management to gather and exchange new ideas. Papers should be focused on ecosystem management, survey applications, protocols, procedures, species information systems, metadata, date ownership, emerging and existing standards and/or partnerships. Deadline for abstradt is April 22, with notification of acceptance April 29. The final version of the paper is due July 15.

Individuals should submit abstracts of about 250 words in length which include mailing address, phone number, fax number, and e-mail address (if available). After acceptance final papers are to be submitted on paper and diskette. Send abstracts to: Tom Wilcox, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, 4010 West Broad St., Richmond, VA 23230-1104; Tel.: (804) 367-0909; Fax: (804) 367-2427.

LEATHERBACK TURTLE TAGGING

The leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) nests on two major sections of beach along a 60-mile stretch of the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica. Tagging studies have revealed that many Costa Rican leatherbacks do not show strong nesting site fidelity. Individuals tagged in southern Costa Rica have been encountered in the northern part of the country and Panama. Because individual animals may use widely separated nesting beaches, conservation efforts need to focus on as many beaches as possible in order to adequately protect the resource; otherwise, individuals protected at one beach may be disturbed or killed when they visit another.

During the 1995 leatherback nesting season, February through June, the Caribbean Conservation Corporation (CCC) will coordinate turtle studies on two stretches of beach north of Puerto Limon. The Endangered Wildlife Trust (UK) will monitor a 4-mile stretch of beach within the private Mondonguillo Nature Reserve, south of Tortuguero National Park. CCC will monitor a 20-mile stretch of beach at the northern end of the leatherback nesting range, including all of Tortuguero National Park. Research and monitoring activities will consist of daily beach surveys, tagging, collection of biometric data and determination of clutch survival. These activities will be directed by CCC Scientific Director, Dr. Jeanne A. Mortimer.

The CCC seeks individuals willing to participate in the leatherback program as paying volunteers. Eight and fifteen day openings are available costing $1,470 and $1,790 respectively. Volunteers will be involved in all aspects of the leatherback project. The fee covers round-trip airfare from Miami, food, accommodations and the cost of the research project.

Scientists and volunteers will be housed at the CCC's Tortuguero Biological Field Station. Tortuguero is a remote roadless area on the coast, at the edge of a wet tropical rain forest that is criss-crossed by rivers and streams. Access is by boat or plane. The field station is located adjacent to the small village of Tortuguero and the 20,000 hectare Tortuguero National Park. In addition to working with the turtles, volunteers will have the opportunity to meet people typical of a Caribbean coastal community and go on day trips organized by the field station to explore the rain forest of the National Park and other ecosystems of the northern Caribbean coast of Costa Rica.

For more information and group rates, please contact: Caroline Reiners, Tortuguero Coordinator, Caribbean Conservation Corporation, P. O. Box 2866, Gainesville, Florida 32602-2866; Tel.: (904) 373-6441; Fax: (904) 375-2449; e-mail: creiner@ccc.org.

NEW PUBLICATIONS

Education for the Earth , a college guide for careers in the environment, is the only in-depth guide to environmental programs at colleges and universities throughout the United States and Canada. Developed with an advisory board of experts in the field Education for the Earth, covers environmental programs at 211 institutions of higher learning. The 350 undergraduate and 240 graduate programs highlight five broad career areas: environmental engineering, environmental health, environmental science, general environmental studies and natural resource management. Each program profile includes information on enrollment, costs, admissions, and faculty, as well as program details, such as field work opportunity, facilities, graduate study, and employment.

This updated edition is available for $14.95 from bookstores or by calling Peterson's Customer Service at (800) 338-3282.

Many wildlife species are undergoing serious population declines throughout their ranges due to habitat fragmentation and other anthropogenic effects. State and federal agencies are subject to increasing pressure to identify important habitat features for impact assessment, mitigation, and conservation initiatives. Until now, no methodology existed that allowed agencies to predict potential habitat for wetland-dependent amphibians, reptiles, and mammals. Funded by the New England Transportation Consortium and the Federal Highway Administration, WEThings: Wetland Habitat Indicators for Non-Game Species (Wetland dependent amphibians, reptiles and mammals of New England) serves as a methodology to meet this need in the New England states. The WEThings method is based on an extensive literature review of measurable habitat characteristics conducted for 22 amphibian, 15 reptile, and 22 mammal species, many of which are listed as rare, threatened, or endangered in at least one of the six New England states. Detailed summaries of the literature were compiled for each species and serve as the basis from which predictive models were produced. The models may be used individually but also have been combined into a software package that provides a composite habitat predicting model for all species. The two volume set costs $75.00, including postage. Order Publication 94-1 from the Environmental Institute, Blaisdell House, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003- 0820.

JOB ANNOUNCEMENTS

The Florida Division of Forestry is accepting applications for the position of Biological Scientist II, Botanist/Plant Ecologist. The individual selected for this position will be responsible for designing and implementing permanent, long-term monitoring and management plans for occurrences of federally- listed plants at Lake Arbuckle State Forest and other public land in Highlands and Polk counties; determining population trends for these species; and evaluating effects of management activities on reproduction, recruitment and survival. The position will be located in central Florida.

Minimum requirements are : a bachelor's degree with a major in botany or ecology and one year of professional experience related to the tasks above, or a master's degree in one of the biological sciences. Preference will be given to holders of a masters's degree with research/professional experience in plant ecology, demography, statistical analysis and experimental design. This position will require extensive field work under the sometimes harsh conditions of Florida scrub vegetation.

This is a full-time, temporary position (without benefits) funded under a federal grant; a long-term project is anticipated but funding is on a year-to-year basis. The salary is $10.51/hr. - $11.71/hr., 40 hours per week.

The State of Florida employment applications must be submitted to Penny Isom, Florida Division of Forestry, 3125 Conner Blvd., Tallahassee, FL 32399-1650; Tel.: (904) 488-7617. The selection process will begin April 1, 1995.

The North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission Nongame & Endangered Wildlife Program is looking for a contractor to assist the Piedmont Project Leader to inventory selected subbasins across much of North Carolina for various aquatic species including mollusks, crayfish, and state listed fish species. The job will begin July 1, 1995 and end March 31, 1996. Work hours are not standard due to the nature of the projects. Work weeks more than 40 hours should be expected. The duty station should be in the Durham, Raleigh, Chapel Hill area.

Qualifications: a four year degree in natural sciences; good background in taxonomy, field survey experience, physical strength and endurance; good swimming ability, and canoeing skills. Scuba certification is desired. Pay for the period will be $13,500 in monthly payments of $1,500 beginning August 15, 1995 and ending April 15, 1996. A vehicle and other necessary equipment will be provided. The contractor will be reimbursed for lodging and meals when overnight stays away from the duty station are necessary.

Interested individuals should send a resume, including the names and phone numbers of references to: John Alderman, Piedmont Project Leader, NC Wildlife Resources Commission, Rt. 4, Box 518, Pittsboro, NC 27312; Tel.: (919) 542-5331; e-mail: alderjm@mail.wildlife.state.nc.us. Applications must be postmarked by March 24, 1995.

The University of Rhode Island, Department of Natural Resources Science, has a tenure-track position open at the Assistant Professor level in avian wildlife ecology and management. Responsibilities include teaching three classes per academic year, including an undergraduate course in the principles of wildlife management, an undergraduate course in wetland wildlife management (every other year), an advanced undergraduate course in avian ecology or some aspect of conservation biology (every other year), and a graduate course in the person's speciality.

Qualifications: Ph.D. in wildlife biology or management with an emphasis on conservation biology is required. Postdoctoral experience is highly desirable. Demonstrated ability to develop and maintain a vigorous, extramurally-funded research program and to publish in refereed journals is required. University teaching experience preferred. Salary is competitive and commensurate with background and experience.

Qualified persons should submit a letter of application, curriculum vitae, statements of teaching philosopy and research direction, and official transcripts. Send all materials, including three letters of reference, to: Dr. Francis C. Golet, Search Committee Chair, Assistant Professor Position in Avian Wildlife Ecology and Management (LOG# 191132), University of Rhode Island, P.O. Box G, Kingston, RI 02881. Closing date is April 15, 1995.

The Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands is seeking a wildlife biologist to conduct research on the life history and management of the endangered Mariana crow (Corvus kubarii). Duties include: locating and monitoring nests; capturing (with mist nets), banding, and bleeding birds; designing and conducting a radio-telemetry investigation; and working with other Commonwealth and federal biologists in designing and implementing management plans for this and other Commonwealth species. Will also include assisting with other on-going studies of fruit bats, seabirds, passerine species, and assisting in the design implementation of a habitat conservation plan. Qualifications: master's degree in wildlife, zoology, or related field; good writing and communication skills important. Must be in good physical condition and able to work in rough terrain in tropical conditions. Salary: US$26,000/yr. plus housing. 2-yr contract. Successful applicant will be stationed on Rota. Send CV and references to: Dr. Anne P. Marshall, Div. of Fish and Wildlife, Department of Lands and Natural Resources, CNMI, Saipan, Mariana Islands, MP 96950; Fax: 011-670-322-2633.

FUTURE MEETINGS

April 28-30. Sponsored by the Okeanos Ocean Research Foundation, the 1995 Northeast Regional Marine Mammal and Sea Turtle Stranding Network Conference will be held at the Ramada Inn, Riverhead, New York. Registration before March 24: $25; afterwards $30. For more information, contact: Sally Kiss, 1995 Northeast Regional Stranding Network Conference, Okeanos Ocean Re.search Foundation, Inc., 278 E. Montauk Hwy., P.O. Box 776, Hampton Bays, NY 11946; Tel.: (516) 728-4522.

May 8-9 . "The Well-Being of Animals in Zoo and Aquarium Sponsored Research" is being sponsored by the Scientists Center for Animal Welfare and the American Veterinary Medical Association. It will be held at the Doubletree Hotel in New Orleans, Louisiana. Topics to be discussed include: how are research concerns different in zoos and aquariums, trends in environmental enrichment in zoos and aquariums, and ethical considerations for conservation research. Registration before March 15 is $250, afterwards $275. For more information, write Conferences, Scientists Center for Animal Welfare, 7833 Walker Drive, Suite 340, Greenbelt, MD 20770.

May 21-26. The Brazilian Zoological Society is organizing its XIX Annual Congress and the II international meeting which will be held in Foz do Iguassu, Parana State, Brasil. The program will include: strategies for the maintenance of genetic biodiversity in zoos; re-introductions and ex situ conservation; management plans and reproduction in captivity; and field studies of felids and psitaccine birds. Abstracts are being accepted until April 10. For further information, contact: Dr. Adauto Nunes, Zoologico de Sorocaba, Rue Teodoro Kaisel 883, 18021-020 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Tel.: 55 152 32-2354; Fax: 55 152 41-4457; e-mail: sorozool@fpsp.fapesp.br.

CURRENT LITERATURE

Anon. 1994. Chinese paddlefish research: a model for U.S.- China aquatic conservation. DIVERSITY 10(4): 23-25. (Endangered species, highly valued for its roe caviar)

Anon. 1994. Darwin Initiative projects help conserve crop biodiversity around the globe. DIVERSITY 10(4): 27-29. (Central America, India, Africa)

Anon. 1994. Dire conditions threaten rescue of Albania's rich genetic resources. DIVERSITY 10(4): 34-35.

Anon. 1994. The endangered 100. Life Magazine Sept.: 50-63. (List from book, _Witness: Endangered Species of North America)

Anon. 1994. Fragrant black gold of Siberut Island. The Canopy Fall: 1, 6. (Aquilaria malaccensis being felled in Sumatra)

Anon. 1994. What's up? Forest canopy scientists convene for the first time at Selby Gardens. DIVERSITY 10(4): 36-37.

Arriaga, L., Diaz, S. and Mercado, C. 1994. Conservation or commercial management of temperate forests of Baja California Sur, Mexico. Conservation Biology 8(4): 1132-1140.

Balick, M. and Johnson, D. 1994. The conservation status of Schippia concolor in Belize. Principes 38(3): 124- 128.

Berger, J., Cunningham, C. and Gawuseb, A. 1994. The uncertainty of data and dehorning black rhinos. Conservation Biology 8(4): 1149-1152.

Bratton, S., Hapeman, J. and Mast, A. 1994. The lower Susquehanna River gorge and floodplain (U.S.A.) as a riparian refugium for vernal, forest-floor herbs. Conservation Biology 8(4): 1069-1077. (Pennsylvania)

Brautigam, A., Howes, J., Humphreys, T. and Hutton, J. 1994. Recent information on the status and utilization of African pangolins. TRAFFIC Bull. 15(1): 15-22.

Britten, H., Brussard, P. and Murphy, D. 1994. Population trends in the uncompahgre fritillary butterfly: reply to Seidl and Opler. Conservation Biology 8(4): 1158-1160. (USA)

Brown, L. and Kane, H. 1994. Full House: Reassessing the Earth's Population Carrying Capacity. W.W. Norton & Co., New York. 261 pp.

Bryant, S. and Harris, S. 1994. Evaluating Tasmania's rare and threatened species. Tasmanian Naturalist 116: 52-57.

Burnside, W. 1994. Resilience and resistance: relevance for conservation biology and management. End. Species UPDATE 11(10): 5-6. (Opinion)

Burton, G. 1994. Innovative plan for collecting pearl millet germplasm in Burkina Faso enlarges genetic base and accelerates breeding. DIVERSITY 10(4): 29-30. (West Africa)

Chakrabarty, K., Kumar, A. and Menon, V. 1994. Trade in Agarwood. WWF India/TRAFFIC India, New Delhi, India. 51 pp. (Aquilaria malaccensis, prized in the perfume industry for its oil)

Chi, W., Zhang, Z., Lin, Z., Jian, Z. and Zhen, Y. 1994. Observations on the impact of bird trade regulations on bird populations in Taiwan. TRAFFIC Bull. 15(1): 41-44.

Christman, C. 1994. Rare Breeds International hosts conference on animal genetic conservation. DIVERSITY 10(4): 20-21.

Cintron, G., Garcia, J. and Geraldes, F. 1994. Manual de Metodos para la Caracterizacion y Monitoreo de Arricifes de Coral. WWF, Washington, DC.

Crosby, M. and Beck. A. 1995. Management-oriented research in national estuarine research reserves, with examples of fisheries-focused studies. Nat. Areas J. 15(1): 12-20.

Dale, V., Pearson, S., Offerman, H. and O'Neill, R. 1994. Relating patterns of land-use change to faunal biodiversity in the Central Amazon. Conservation Biology 8(4): 1027-1036. (Brazil)

Dinerstein, E., Krever, V., Olson, D. and Williams, L. 1994. An emergency strategy to rescue Russia's biological diversity. Conservation Biology 8(4): 934-942.

Farley, G., Ellis, L., Stuart, J. and Scott, N. 1994. Avian species richness in different-aged stands of riparian forest along the Middle Rio Grande, New Mexico. Conservation Biology 8(4): 1098-1108.

Flam, F. 1994. Chemical prospectors scour the seas for promising drugs. Science 266(5189): 1324-1325.

Frison, E., Bolton, M. and Gass, T. 1994. Europeans unite to safeguard continent's plant genetic resources. DIVERSITY 10(4): 37, 39-40.

Gallagher, J. 1994. International trade in endangered species reexamined by CITES convention. DIVERSITY 10(4): 16-18.

Ginsberg, J. 1994. Conservation biology and status of the African wild dog, Lycaon pictus. End. Species UPDATE 11(10): 1-4, 6.

Greenberg, C., Neary, D. and Harris, L. 1994. Effect of high-intensity wildfire and silvicultural treatments on reptile communities in sand-pine scrub. Conservation Biology 8(4): 1047-1057. (Florida)

Hunter, M. and Hutchinson, A. 1994. The virtues and shortcomings of parochialism: conserving species that are locally rare, but globally common. Conservation Biology 8(4): 1163-1165.

Iremonger, S. and Sayre, R. 1994. Bladen Nature Reserve, Toledo District, Belize. The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA. 77 pp. (Rapid ecological assessment)

Jaka, C. 1994. Study released by UNDP charges compensation to developing countries is inadequate. DIVERSITY 10(4): 18-19.

James, P. 1994. On economic growth and ecological decay. Conservation Biology 8(4): 1161-1162. (USA)

Khoshoo, T. 1994. India's biodiversity: tasks ahead. Current Science 67(8): 577-582.

Listman, G. 1994. Rescue of Latin American maize progresses, lays groundwork for future collaborative missions. DIVERSITY 10(4): 26-27.

Lugo, A. 1994. Preservation of primary forests in the Luquillo Mountains, Puerto Rico. Conservation Biology 8(4): 1122-1131.

Markham, A. 1995. Conservation in a warming world. Conservation Issues 2(1): 1, 3-10.

Marshall, N. and Jenkins, M. 1994. Hard Times for Hardwood: Indigenous Timber and the Timber Trade in Kenya. TRAFFIC International, Cambridge, UK. 53 pp.

McMillan, M. and Wilcove, D. 1994. Gone but not forgotten: why have species protected by the Endangered Species Act become extinct? End. Species UPDATE 11(11): 5-6.

Mehlman, D. 1994. Rarity in North American passerine birds. Conservation Biology 8(4): 1141-1145.

Merola, M. 1994. A reassessment of homozygosity and the case for inbreeding depression in the cheetah, Acinonyx jubatus: implications for conservation. Conservation Biology 8(4): 961-971.

Milewski, I. 1995. Marine biodiversity: shaping a policy framework. Nat. Areas J. 15(1): 61-67.

Muchoney, D., Iremonger, S. and Wright, R. 1994. Blue and John Crow Mountains National Park, Jamaica. The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA. 90 pp. (Rapid ecological assessment)

Murawski, D., Gunatilleke, I. and Bawa, K. 1994. The effects of selective logging on inbreeding in Shorea megistophylla (Dipterocarpaceae) from Sri Lanka. Conservation Biology 8(4): 997-1002.

Myers, N. 1994. Extinction, security, & the future of evolution. The Canopy Fall: 4-6. (Reprint of chapter on mass extinction of species in Myers' book, Ultimate Security: How Environmental Concerns Affect Global Political Stability)

O'Brien, S. 1994. The cheetah's conservation controversy. Conservation Biology 8(4): 1153-1155.

Oleksyn, J. and Reich, P. 1994. Pollution, habitat destruction, and biodiversity in Poland. Conservation Biology 8(4): 943-960.

Panek, F. 1995. Preservation and management of marine and coastal fisheries in the national park system: a review of research programs. Nat. Areas J. 15(1): 7-11.

Pearce, J. 1995. Introduction to theme issue: conservation and marine ecosystems. Nat. Areas J. 15(1): 4-6.

SUPPLEMENT TO CURRENT LITERATURE

Alcorn, J. 1994. Noble savage or noble state?: Northern myths and southern realities in biodiversity conservation. Etnoecologica 2(3): 7-20. (Indigenous peoples)

Alverson, W., Waller, D. and Kuhlmann, W. 1994. Wild Forests. Conservation Biology and Public Policy. Island Press, Covelo, California. 300 pp.

Andersen, U. 1995. Resistance of Danish coastal vegetation types to human trampling. Biol. Conserv. 71(3): 223-230.

Andreas, P. 1994. Border troubles: free trade, immigration and cheap labour. The Ecologist 24(6): 230-234. (USA/Mexico)

Anon. 1995. Africa's elephants again face poaching threat. FOCUS 17(2): 1-2.

Anon. 1994. Breeding bird atlas of Cuba and adjacent islands. Pan American News 9(4): 3-4. (Cuba)

Anon. 1995. The butterflies of Rara Avis bring forest protection and profit to Costa Rican community. FOCUS 17(2): 5. (Las Horquetas)

Anon. 1994. Flamingo population in danger. Pan American News 9(4): 2-3. (Peru, Bolivia, Chile)

Anon. 1995. Global concern prompts new action for tigers. FOCUS 17(1): 1. (Asia)

Anon. 1994. Indigenous peoples from biodiversity network. Etnoecologica 2(3): 67.

Anon. 1994. Intellectual property rights: a forum of ideas and views. Seedhead News 47: 5.

Anon. 1995. Last gap in the U.S. network filled: Washington, D.C. gets its own heritage program. Biodiversity Network News 8(1): 4. (Operated by the National Park Service, Seneca, MD)

Anon. 1995. Mastering NEPA: a step by step approach. EnviroAction 13(3): 17. (National Evironmental Policy Act, USA)

Anon. 1995. Overfishing threatens Galapagos Islands. FOCUS 17(2): 3.

Anon. 1994. Plants and seeds as "intellectual property". Seedhead News 47: 7. (Background on how companies and individuals are receiving patent-like protection for seed varieties originally bred by native peoples)

Anon. 1994. Recovery of the Puerto Rican parrot. Pan American News 9(4): 4-5.

Anon. 1994. Regional conservation data center. Pan American News 9(4): 2. (Universidad Nacional de San Augustin, Arequipa, Peru)

Anon. 1995. Saving elephants on two continents. FOCUS 17(2): 5. (Asian and African elephant)

Anon. 1994. Study and conservation of birds on the Caribbean Island of Cozumel. Pan American News 9(4): 4. (Mexico)

Anon. 1995. WWF helping to transform naval base to national park in the Philippines. FOCUS 17(2): 3. (Subic Bay, 25,000 acres of old-growth forest)

Anon. 1995. WWF's Rwenzori Project protects Africa's "Mountains of the Moon". FOCUS 17(2): 4. (Uganda-Zaire border)

Armstrong, S. 1995. Rare plants protect Cape's water supplies. New Scientist 145(1964): 8. (Fynbos, South Africa)

Aronson, R., Edmunds, P., Precht, W., Swanson, D. and Levitan, D. 1994. Large-scale, long-term monitoring of Caribbean coral reefs: simple, quick, inexpensive techniques. Atoll Res. Bull. 421: 1-19.

Arya, S., Agnihotri, Y. and Samra, J. 1994. Watershed- management: changes in animal population structure, income, and cattle migration in Shiwaliks, India. Ambio 23(7): 446- 450.

Attridge, I. 1994. An overview of Canadian biodiversity law. Different Drummer 1(3): 30-31.

Barrios, R. 1994. Biodiversity destruction and policy failures in Mexico. Different Drummer 1(3): 36-39.

Bartelmus, P. 1995. Green accounting for a national strategy of sustainable development - the case of Papua New Guinea. AMBIO 23(8): 509-514.

Bayley, P. 1995. Understanding large river-floodplain ecosystems. BioScience 45(3): 153-158.

Beatley, T., Brower, D. and Schwab, A. 1994. An Introduction to Coastal Zone Management. Island Press, Covelo, California. 200 pp.

Belausteguigoitia, J. 1994. The economics of biodiversity destruction. Different Drummer 1(3): 35.

Bennett, B. 1994. Plants of the Chachi: an ethnobotanical study. Garden News 49(4): 14-15. (Ecuador)

Benyus, J. 1995. Bogbreath: sleeper factor in global warming? Am. Forests 101(3 & 4): 28-31, 39. (Northern peatlands, USA)

Beveridge, M., Ross, L. and Kelly, L. 1995. Aquaculture and biodiversity. AMBIO 23(8): 497-502.

Bilger, B. 1995. Tallgrass Prairie, Oklahoma. Nature Conservancy 45(2): 38.

Bolgiano, C. 1995. Do cougars exist in the East? Am. Forests 101(1 & 2): 29-30, 58-59.

Boling, R. 1995. Jurassic forest. Am. Forests 101(3 & 4): 25. (Wollemi pine, thought to be extinct, is found in Australian park)

Bouchon, C., Bouchon-Navaro, Y. and Louis, M. 1994. Changes in the coastal fish communities following Hurricane Hugo in Guadeloupe Island (French West Indies). Atoll Res. Bull. 422: 1-19.

Bradford, D. 1994. El ecoturismo como una de las alternativas del desarrollo sostenible. SiempreVerde 13: 3-7. (Preserves, Nicaragua)

Breden, T. 1995. ABI: a new voice for the network. Biodiversity Network News 8(1): 5, 8. (Association for Biodiversity Information, network of Natural Heritage Programs and Conservation Data Centers)

Bronaugh, W. 1995. The biggest Torrey pine. Am. Forests 101(3 & 4): 36. (Pinus torreyana, California)

Butler, V. 1995. Is this the way to save Africa's wildlife? Int. Wildlife 25(2): 38-43. (Communal Areas Management Program for Indigenous Resources)

Camara, I. 1994. Conservation status of the black-faced lion tamarin, Leontopithecus caissara. Neotropical Primates 2(Suppl.): 50-51.

Camargo Passos, F. 1994. Behavior of the black lion tamarin, Leontopithecus chrysopygus in different forest levels in the Caetetus Ecological Station, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Neotropical Primates 2(Suppl.): 40-41.

Campeau, A. 1994. The ethics of biodiversity protection. Different Drummer 1(3): 14-15.

Clark, T., Reading, R. and Clarke, A. (Eds.). 1994. Endangered Species Recovery. Finding the Lessons, Improving the Process. Island Press, Covelo, California. 480 pp.

Coimbra Prates, M. and et al. 1994. Coletanea Bibliografica sobre o Parque Estadual do Rio Doce. Instituto Estadual de Florestas, Minas Gerais, Brasil. 61 pp.

Collar, N., Crosby, M. and Stattersfield, A. 1995. Birds to Watch 2: The World List of Threatened Birds. BirdLife International, Cambridge, England. (1100 globally threatened species)

Culotta, E. 1995. Ivory identity crisis still unsolved. Science 267(5202): 1264. (CITES)

Datta, B. 1995. How Cairo "zabbaleen" turn rags into riches. People & the Planet 4(1): 22-24. (Garbage collectors recycle)

Davis, N. 1995. The elusive ecosystem. Nature Conservancy 45(2): 8-9. (Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, critical ecosystem)

Davis, S. and Wall, A. 1995. Indigenous land tenure and tropical forest management in Latin America. AMBIO 23(8): 485-490.

de Bois, H. 1994. Progress report on the captive population of golden-headed lion tamarins, Leontopithecus chyrsomelas - May 1994. Neotropical Primates 2(Suppl.): 28-29.

Di Bitetti, M., Placci, G., Brown, A. and Rode, D. 1994. Conservation and population status of the brown howling monkey (Alouatta fusca clamitans) in Argentina. Neotropical Primates 2(4): 1-4.

Dietz, J., Sousa, S. and Silva, J. 1994. Population structure and territory size in golden-headed lion tamarins, Leontopithecus chrysomelas. Neotropical Primates 2(Suppl.): 21-23.

Dore, M. and Nogueira, J. 1995. The Amazon rain forest, sustainable development and the Biodiversity Convention: a political economy perspective. AMBIO 23(8): 491-496.

Dundas, H. and Jensen, J. 1994/95. Burrowing owl status and conservation programs. Bird Trends 4: 21-22.

Durst, P. 1994. Non-wood forest products: recommendations on social, economic and cultural aspects. Asia Pacific Community Forestry Newsletter 7(3): 5-6. (Results of 1994 meeting)

Egan, T. 1995. Oregon thrives as it protects owls. Am. Forests 101(1 & 2): 13-16.

Eggleton, P. and et al. 1995. The species richness of termites (Isoptera) under differing levels of forest disturbance in the Mbalmayo Forest Reserve, southern Cameroon. J. Trop. Ecology 11(1): 85-98.

Elkington, J. 1995. Can big business help? People & the Planet 4(1): 16-19. (Solutions to waste)

Elsacker, L., Heistermann, M., Hodges, J., de Laet, A. and Verheyen, R. 1994. Preliminary results on the evaulation of contraceptive implants in golden-headed lion tamarins, Leontopithecus chrysomelas. Neotropical Primates 2(Suppl.): 30-32.

Filion, F. 1994. Estimating economic value of biodiversity. Different Drummer 1(3): 20-23.

Geatz, R. 1995. Buying a home for the jaguar to roam. Nature Conservancy 45(2): 30. (Pantanal, Brazil)

Geatz, R. 1995. Protecting an Appalachian sanctuary. Nature Conservancy 45(2): 33. (Horse Lick Creek watershed, Kentucky, home to 22 species of freshwater mussels, many of which are rare or endangered)

Geatz, R. 1995. Saving the wild west. Nature Conservancy 45(2): 33. (Widener Ranch near Big Horn Mountains, Wyoming)

Geatz, R. 1995. Seeing the forest for the trees. Nature Conservancy 45(2): 31. (Roanoke River, North Carolina)

Geatz, R. 1995. "Sweet are the uses of adversity". Nature Conservancy 45(2): 32. (Afognak Island State Park, Alaska)

Glasser, R. 1995. Linking science more closely to policy- making: global climate change and the national reorganization of science and technology policy. Climatic Change 29(2): 131- 144.

Goldstein, J. 1994. Tradable rights: a model for biodiversity protection. Different Drummer 1(3): 49-53.

Gore, J. and Shields Jr., F. 1995. Can large rivers be restored? BioScience 45(3): 142-152.

Gourley, K. 1995. A world of waste. People & the Planet 4(1): 6-9.

Greene, J. 1994. Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden supports research on endangered Oenothera (Onagraceae). Plant Conservation 8(2): 6-7. (Antioch Dunes, California)

Grimes, A., Loomis, S., Jahnige, P., Burnham, M., Onthank, K., Alarcon, R., Cuenca, W., Martinez, C., Neill, D., Balick, M., Bennett, B. and Mendelsohn, R. 1994. Valuing the rain forest: the economic value of nontimber forest resources in Ecuador. Ambio 23(7): 405-410.

Hagvar, S. 1995. Preserving the natural heritage: the process of developing attitudes. AMBIO 23(8): 515-518.

Hanneman, M. 1994. The economics of biodiversity. Different Drummer 1(3): 24-25.

Hansen, K. 1995. Return of the cougar. Am. Forests 101(1 & 2): 25-28.

Haverkort, B. and Millar, D. 1994. Constructing diversity: the active role of rural people in maintaining and enhancing biodiversity. Etnoecologica 2(3): 51-65.

Hawkins, J. and Roberts, C. 1995. The growth of coastal tourism in the Red Sea: present and future effects on coral reefs. AMBIO 23(8): 503-508.

Hay, J. 1995. Desertion of the fishes. Orion 14(1): 26-34. (Extinction)

Hernandez, H., Alvarado, V. and Ibarra, R. 1993. Base de datos de colecciones de cactaceas de Norte y Centroamerica. Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. Auton. Mexico, Ser. Bot. 64(2): 87-94. (Conservation)

Hobart, C. 1994. Protecting southern Thailand's last lowland forest: the Khao Nor Chuchi experience. Asia Pacific Community Forestry Newsletter 7(3): 9-10.

Holmes, B. 1995. California's coastline begins to feel the heat. New Scientist 145(1965): 14-15. (Rising sea temperatures changing flora and fauna of Monterey Bay, California)

Holmgren, P., Masakha, E. and Sjoholm, H. 1994. Not all African land is being degraded: a recent survey of trees on farms in Kenya reveals rapidly increasing forest resources. Ambio 23(7): 390-395.

Holroyd, G. and Banasch, U. 1994/95. Trends in peregrine falcon populations in Canada from 1965 to 1990. Bird Trends 4: 11-14.

Holston, M. 1995. Trials of survival. Americas 47(2): 36-43. (Parks of Dominican Republic)

Hunsaker, C. and Levine, D. 1995. Hierarchical approaches to the study of water quality in rivers. BioScience 45(3): 193-203.

Hyslop, C. 1994/95. Raptor species at risk. Bird Trends 4: 10-11.

Intes, A. and Caillart, B. 1994. An atoll of the Tuamotu Archipelago (French Polynesia). Part I. Environment and biota of the Tikehau Atoll (Tuamotu Archipelago, French Polynesia). Atoll Res. Bull. 415: 1-34.

Ireland, R. and Buck, W. 1994. Stereophyllaceae. Flora Neotropica Monograph 65. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York. 49 pp. (Notes on rarity of mosses)

Jardine, K. 1994. Finger on the carbon pulse: climate change and the boreal forests. The Ecologist 24(6): 220-224.

Jensen, J. 1994/95. Recovery of the ferruginous hawk. Bird Trends 4: 23-27.

Johnson, B., Richardson, W. and Naimo, T. 1995. Past, present, and future concepts in large river ecology. BioScience 45(3): 134-141.

Jones, C. 1994. Injury and disease of the mantled howler monkey in fragmented habitats. Neotropical Primates 2(4): 4-5. (Costa Rica)

Jordan-Dahlgren, E., Martin-Chavez, E., Sanchez-Segura, M. and Gonzalez de la Parra, A. 1994. The Sian Ka'an Biosphere Reserve coral reef system, Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Atoll Res. Bull. 423: 1-31.

Karanth, K. 1995. Estimating tiger _Panthera tigris_ populations from camera-trap data using capture-recapture models. Biol. Conserv. 71(3): 333-338.

Kenworthy, T. 1995. Deal gives woodpeckers golf habitat. Washington Post March 2: A19. (Program encourages private landowners to create habitat for endangered species, USA. First program protects endangered red-cockaded woodpecker on North Carolina resort)

Kerr, R. 1995. Chilly ice-age tropics could signal climate sensitivity. Science 267(5200): 961.

Kierulff, M. and Oliveira, P. de 1994. Habitat preservation and the translocation of threatened groups of golden lion tamarins, Leontopithecus rosalia. Neotropical Primates 2(Suppl.): 15-18.

Kim, A. and Camargo Passos, F. 1994. A contribution to the study of the arboreal vegetation of the Caetetus Ecological Station, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Neotropical Primates 2(Suppl.): 42-44.

Kindell, C. and Chafin, L. 1995. Eglin Air Force Base - a critically important reservoir for biodiversity. Biodiversity Network News 8(1): 1-3, 7. (Florida's panhandle, center of endemism; 59 rare plants; rare herps)

Kirk, D., Hussell, D. and Dunn, E. 1994/95. Raptor population status and trends in Canada. Bird Trends 4: 2- 9.

Kleiner, K. 1995. Hunt is on for supercrops. New Scientist 145(1964): 9.

Klyza, C. and Trombulak, S. (Eds.). 1995. The Future of the Northern Forest. University Press of New England, Hanover, New Hampshire. 258 pp.

Knight, R. and Bates, S. (Eds.). 1994. A New Century for Natural Resources Management. Island Press, Covelo, California. 432 pp.

Knight, R. and Gutzwiller, K. (Eds.). 1994. Wildlife and Recreationists. Coexistence through Management and Research. Island Press, Covelo, California. 384 pp.

Ligon, F., Dietrich, W. and Trush, W. 1995. Downstream ecological effects of dams. BioScience 45(3): 183-192.

Little, J. 1995. The Quincy Library Group. Am. Forests 101(1 & 2): 22-24. (Plumas, Lassen and Tahoe national forests, California)

Lorini, M. and Persson, V. 1994. Status of field research on Leontopithecus caissara: the black-faced lion tamarin project. Neotropical Primates 2(Suppl.): 52-55.

Mallinson, J. 1994. The Lion Tamarins of Brazil Fund: with reference to the international management committees for Leontopithecus. Neotropical Primates 2(Suppl.): 4-7.

Mann, C. and Plummer, M. 1995. Is Endangered Species Act in danger? Science 267(5202): 1256-1257. (USA)

Mansour, J. and Ballou, J. 1994. Capitalizing the ark: the economic benefit of adding founders to captive populations. Neotropical Primates 2(Suppl.): 8-11.

Maragos, J. 1994. Description of reefs and corals for the 1988 protected area survey of the northern Marshall Islands. Atoll Res. Bull. 419: 1-88.

Martin, P. 1995. Quiet, please, on the set: birds nesting. New York Times February 19: H13-14. (Hollywood studios becoming conservationists)

Martinez-Alier, J. 1994. The merchandising of biodiversity. Etnoecologica 2(3): 68-86.

Maytin, C., Acevedo, M., Jaimez, R., Andressen, R., Harwell, M., Robock, A. and Azocar, A. 1995. Potential effects of global climatic change on the phenology and yield of maize in Venezuela. Climatic Change 29(2): 189-212.

McAllister, D. 1994. Why is biodiversity being lost? Different Drummer 1(3): 32-34.

McLean, H. 1995. Smart maps: forestry's newest frontier. Am. Forests 101(3 & 4): 13-20, 38. (GIS)

Mestel, R. 1995. So long farewell, auf Wiedersehen, goodbye... New Scientist 145(1965): 6. (Global warming's effects on Rocky Mountains meadows)

Meyer, D. 1995. Operating as an electronic network - Part II. An electronic directory for Natural Heritage Programs. Biodiversity Network News 8(1): 6. (Posting Heritage Programs' data on World Wide Web)

Miller, K. 1994. A model for bioregional management. Different Drummer 1(3): 54-58.

Miller, K. and Lanou, S. 1995. National Biodiversity Strategies: Guidelines for Biodiversity Planning and Profiles from Early Country Experience. World Resources Institute, Washington, DC. 200 pp.

Mosquin, T. 1994. Status and trends of Canadian biodiversity. Different Drummer 1(3): 11-13.

Munoz Pina, C. 1994. The economic value of Mexican biodiversity. Different Drummer 1(3): 26-28.

Myers, N. and Simon, J. 1994. Scarcity or Abundance? A Debate on the Environment. W.W. Norton & Co., New York, New York. 254 pp.

Nagagata, E. 1994. Evaluation of community-based conservation education: a case study of the golden-headed lion tamarin education program in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Neotropical Primates 2(Suppl.): 33-35.

Orr, D. 1994. Earth in Mind. On Education, Environment, and the Human Prospect. Island Press, Covelo, California. 224 pp.

O'Toole, R. 1994. Market failure, government failure, and biodiversity. Different Drummer 1(3): 40-43.

Owen, H. and Norton, D. 1995. The diet of introduced brushtail possums Trichosurus vulpecula in a low-density New Zealand Nothofagus forest and possible implications for conservation management. Biol. Conserv. 71(3): 339- 346.

Paden, M. and Snyder, S. 1994. Teacher's Guide to World Resources. World Resources Institute, Washington, DC. 180 pp.

Padua, S. 1994. Environmental education and the black lion tamarin, Leonpithecus chrysopygus. Neotropical Primates 2(Suppl.): 45-49.

Pantone, D., Pavlik, B. and Kelley, R. 1995. The reproductive attributes of an endangered plant as compared to a weedy congener. Biol. Conserv. 71(3): 305-312. (Amsinckia grandiflora, rare in California)

Parikh, J. and Painuly, J. 1994. Population, consumption patterns and climate change: a socioeconomic perspective from the South. Ambio 23(7): 434-437.

Parker, E. 1994. An overview of U.S. biodiversity law. Different Drummer 1(3): 29.

Parsons, A. 1994. Garden exhibit to celebrate Year of the Rain Forest. Garden News 49(4): 1. (Fairchild Tropical Garden exhibit on Chachi, indigenous group of Ecuador)

Pearce, J. 1995. New York Bight: a case study of marine habitat quality, cumulative effects, and management in the 21st Century. Nat. Areas J. 15(1): 37-42.

Pearson, L. 1995. The Diversity and Evolution of Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. 624 pp.

Pessamilio, D. 1994. Revegetation of deforested areas in the Poco das Antas Biological Reserve, Rio de Janeiro. Neotropical Primates 2(Suppl.): 19-20.

Pickering, H. 1995. Conserving the threatened coastal resource against all odds. Nat. Areas J. 15(1): 50-60.

Pinto, L. and Tavares, L. 1994. Inventory and conservation status of wild populations of golden-headed lion tamarins, Leontopithecus chyrsomelas. Neotropical Primates 2(Suppl.): 24-27.

Plumptre, A. and Reynolds, V. 1994. The effect of selective logging on the primate populations in the Budongo Forest Reserve, Uganda. J. Applied Ecology 31: 631-641.

Polasky, S. 1994. What role for economic considerations in species conservation policy? End. Species UPDATE 11(11): 1-4.

Porter, D. and Salvesen, D. (Eds.). 1994. Collaborative Planning for Wetlands and Wildlife. Issues and Examples. Island Press, Covelo, California. 352 pp.

Power, M., Sun, A., Parker, G., Dietrich, W. and Wootton, J. 1995. Hydraulic food-chain models. BioScience 45(3): 159- 167.

Pressey, R. and Logan, V. 1994. Level of geographical subdivision and its effects on assessments of reserve coverage: a review of regional studies. Conservation Biology 8(4): 1037-1046. (Brazil)

Prober, S. and Brown, H. 1994. Conservation of the grassy white box woodlands: population genetics and fragmentation of Eucalyptus albens. Conservation Biology 8(4): 1003- 1013. (Australia)

Putterman, D. 1994. Non-governmental organizations sponsor workshops to educate and persuade delegates during COP. DIVERSITY 10(4): 14.

Putterman, D. 1994. Premium put on equity issues at biodiversity convention's first Conference of the Parties. DIVERSITY 10(4): 12-13, 15-16.

Pye-Smith, C. 1995. Salvation from sewage in Calcutta marshes. People & the Planet 4(1): 20-22. (India)

Race, T. 1994. Update on Ziziphus celata: the persistent species. Plant Conservation 8(2): 1. (Endangered plant of south-central Florida)

Raijmann, L., Van Leeuwen, N., Kersten, R., Oostermeijer, J., Den Nijs, H. and Menken, S. 1994. Genetic variation and outcrossing rate in relation to population size in Gentiana pneumonanthe L. Conservation Biology 8(4): 1014-1026. (The Netherlands)

Raloff, J. 1995. When nitrate reigns. Air pollution can damage forests more than trees reveal. Science News 147(6): 90-91. (Europe)

Raphael, R. 1994. More Tree Talk. The People, Politics, and Economics of Timber. Island Press, Covelo, California. 300 pp. (Revised edition)

Rashid, H. 1994. Bangladesh Poush: combining conservation and development. Asia Pacific Community Forestry Newsletter 7(3): 3-4.

Rauber, P. 1995. Improving on nature. Sierra 80(2): 44-52, 70, 72. (Ecosystem management, California)

Raventos, J. and Silva, J. 1995. Competition effects and responses to variable number of neighbours in two tropical savanna grasses in Venezuela. J. Trop. Ecology 11(1): 39- 52.

Reichhardt, K., Mellink, E., Nabhan, G. and Rea, A. 1994. Habitat heterogeneity and biodiversity associated with indigenous agriculture in the Sonoran Desert. Etnoecologica 2(3): 21- 36. (Indigenous peoples)

Reid, W. 1994. Status and trends of U.S. biodiversity. Different Drummer 1(3): 4-7.

Reinthal, P. and MacIntyre, I. 1994. Spatial and temporal variations in grazing pressure by herbivorous fishes: Tobacco Reef, Belize. Atoll Res. Bull. 425: 1-14.

Repetto, R. 1994. Biodiversity destruction and policy failures in the U.S. Different Drummer 1(3): 47.

Repetto, R. 1994. Sugar protectionism and the Florida Everglades: a case study. Different Drummer 1(3): 48.

Rich, A., Dobkin, D. and Niles, L. 1994. Defining forest fragmentation by corridor width: the influence of narrow forest- dividing corridors on forest-nesting birds in southern New Jersey. Conservation Biology 8(4): 1109-1121.

Rickard Jr., W. and Gray, R. 1995. The Hanford Reach of the Columbia River: a refuge for fish and riverine wildlife and plants in eastern Washington. Nat. Areas J. 15(1): 68-74.

Robertson, H., Hay, J., Saul, E. and McCormack, G. 1994. Recovery of the Kakerori: an endangered forest bird of the Cook Islands. Conservation Biology 8(4): 1078-1086.

Roberts, J. and McGough, H. 1994. EU orchid trade warrants closer inspection. TRAFFIC Bull. 15(1): 45-46. (European Union)

Rowley, J. 1995. Lille: city of the future. People & the Planet 4(1): 25-27. (French city manages waste)

Ruiz, G. 1994. Ecoturism: el caso de "La Flor". SiempreVerde 13: 6-8. (Preserve, Nicaragua)

Rylands, A. and Lamas, I. (Compilers). 1994. Anais do Workshop sobre Pesquisas Prioritarias para o Parque Estadual do Rio Doce. Instituto Estadual de Florestas, Minas Gerais, Brasil. 89 pp. (Proceedings of a workshop)

Rylands, A. and Nogueira Neto, P. 1994. Conservation units and the protection of Atlantic Forest lion tamarins. Neotropical Primates 2(Suppl.): 12-14.

Sample, V. (Ed.). 1994. Remote Sensing and GIS in Ecosystem Management. Island Press, Covelo, California. 384 pp.

Sanaiotti, T. and Magnusson, W. 1995. Effects of annual fires on the production of fleshy fruits eaten by birds in a Brazilian Amazonian savanna. J. Trop. Ecology 11(1): 53- 66.

Sarukhan, J. 1994. Status and trends of Mexican biodiversity. Different Drummer 1(3): 8-10.

Schippmann, U. 1994. Imports of wild-collected plants to the European Union. TRAFFIC Bull. 15(1): 31-35.

Schneider, R. and Yodzis, P. 1994. Extinction dynamics in the American marten (Martes americana). Conservation Biology 8(4): 1058-1068. (Newfoundland, Canada)

Seidl, A. and Opler, P. 1994. Uncompahgre fritillary butterfly demographics: response to Britten et al. Conservation Biology 8(4): 1156-1157. (USA)

Servheen, C., Kasworm, W. and Thier, T. 1995. Transplanting grizzly bears Ursus arctos horribilis as a management tool - results from the Cabinet Mountains, Montana, USA. Biol. Conserv. 71(3): 261-268.

Shands, H. and Duvick, D. 1994. The National Genetic Resources Program and its advisory council. DIVERSITY 10(4): 51-55. (USDA)

Shvidenko, A. and Nilsson, S. 1994. What do we know about the Siberian forests? Ambio 23(7): 396-404.

Sirait, M., Prasodjo, S., Podger, N., Flavelle, A. and Fox, J. 1994. Mapping customary land in East Kalimantan, Indonesia: a tool for forest management. Ambio 23(7): 411-417.

Smallwood, K. and Fitzhugh, E. 1995. A track count for estimating mountain lion Felis concolor californica population trend. Biol. Conserv. 71(3): 251-260.

Smil, V. 1995. China's consumption frenzy cannot last. People & the Planet 4(1): 14-16.

Sopuck, R. 1994. Biodiversity destruction and policy failures in Canada. Different Drummer 1(3): 44-46.

Spackman, S. and Hughes, J. 1995. Assessment of minimum stream corridor width for biological conservation: species richness and distribution along mid-order streams in Vermont, USA. Biol. Conserv. 71(3): 325-332.

Sparks, R. 1995. Need for ecosystem management of large rivers and their floodplains. BioScience 45(3): 168-182.

Stevely, J. and Sweat, D. 1994. A preliminary evaluation of the commerical sponge resources of Belize with reference to the location of the Turneffe Islands sponge farm. Atoll Res. Bull. 424: 1-21.

Stevens, G. 1995. Consciousness of streams. Hudsonia 11(1): 1-5.

Stolzenburg, W. 1995. Hovering on the edge. Nature Conservancy 45(2): 24-29. (Waterbirds on Virginia's Eastern Shore)

Terrack, P. 1994. Land of the Chachi. Garden News 49(4): 10. (Indigenous peoples of Ecuador)

Thomas, J. 1995. Remote sensing and relating coastal development to living marine resources and their habitats. Nat. Areas J. 15(1): 21-36.

Thompson, D. 1995. Congressional chain-saw massacre. Time Magazine February 27: 58-60. (USA environmental issues)

Thrupp, L., Bergeron, G. and Waters, W. 1995. Bitter- sweet Harvests for Global Supermarkets: The Sustainability and Equity of Recent Agroexport Booms in Latin America. World Resources Institute, Washington, DC. 150 pp.

Toledo, V. 1994. Biodiversity and cultural diversity in Mexico. Different Drummer 1(3): 16-19.

Toledo, V., Ortiz, B. and Medellin-Morales, S. 1994. Biodiversity islands in a sea of pasturelands: indigenous resource management in the humid tropics of Mexico. Etnoecologica 2(3): 37-50. (Indigenous peoples)

TRAFFIC International. 1994. Analysis of the market for tigers, bears, and musk deer in the Russian Far East. TRAFFIC Bull. 15(1): 23-30.

Trexler, M. and Haugen, C. 1995. Keeping it Green: Tropical Forestry Opportunities for Mitigating Climate Change. World Resources Institute, Washington, DC. 75 pp.

Underwood, A. 1995. Where have all the malas gone? Int. Wildlife 25(2): 14-21. (Wallaby, Australia)

Valladares-Padua, C., Padua, S. and Cullen Jr., L. 1994. The conservation biology of the black lion tamarin, Leontopithecus chrysopygus: first ten years' report. Neotropical Primates 2(Suppl.): 36-39.

Van Balen, S., Prawiradilaga, D. and Indrawan, M. 1995. The distribution and status of green peafowl Pavo muticus in Java. Biol. Conserv. 71(3): 289-298.

Vickery, P., Hunter Jr., M. and Melvin, S. 1994. Effects of habitat area on the distribution of grassland birds in Maine. Conservation Biology 8(4): 1087-1097.

Vivekananda, G. 1994. The Superagui National Park: problems concerning the protection of the black-faced lion tamarin, Leontopithecus caissara. Neotropical Primates 2(Suppl.): 56-57.

Voltolini, J. and Malcolm, J. 1994. Padroes de distribuicao vertical de marsupiais e roedores arboricolas nas Florestas Atlantica e Amazonica. Encontro Brasileiro de Mastozoologia 1: 96.

Voltolini, J. and Malcolm, J. 1994. Plataformas para amostragem de marsupiais e roedores arboricolas: um teste metodologico na Floresta Atlantica do Sul do Brasil. Encontro Brasileiro de Mastozoologia 1: 125.

Warner, K. and Wood, H. 1994. Biodiversity conservation and rural development. Asia Pacific Community Forestry Newsletter 7(3): 1, 4. (Report of the October 26-28 meeting in Bangkok)

Warshall, P. 1994. The biopolitics of the Mt. Graham red squirrel (Tamiasciuris hudsonicus grahamensis). Conservation Biology 8(4): 977-988.

Waterman, M. 1995. Marine protected areas in the Gulf of Maine. Nat. Areas J. 15(1): 43-49.

Watzman, H. 1995. Red Sea pays the price of peace. New Scientist 145(1965): 9. (Tourism could damage ecosystem of the Gulf of Aqaba, Israel/Jordan)

Weiler, P., De Meulenaer, T. and Vanden Bloock, A. 1994. Recent trends in international trade of hippopotamus ivory. TRAFFIC Bull. 15(1): 47-49.

Western, D. and Wright, R. (Eds.). 1994. Natural Connections. Perspectives on Community-based Conservation. Island Press, Covelo, California. 592 pp.

Willard, D. 1994. Giant Sequoia Groves of the Sierra Nevada, A Reference Guide. U.S. Forest Service, Berkeley, California. (Proceedings of a symposium in 1992)

Willers, B. 1994. Sustainable development: a New World deception. Conservation Biology 8(4): 1146-1148.

Wille, C. 1995. The Costa Rican connection. Nature Conservancy 45(2): 10-15. (Talamanca-Caribbean corridor)

Worthington, L. 1994. International centers rally to support Rwandan "Seeds of Hope" program. DIVERSITY 10(4): 11-12.

Wright, E. and Hill, L. (Eds.). 1994. Nearshore Marine Resources of the South Pacific: Information for Fisheries Management and Development. Forum Fisheries Agency, the Institute of Pacific Studies of the University of the South Pacific, and the International Centre for Ocean Development, Solomon Islands.

Wright, M. 1995. Death by a thousand cuts. New Scientist 145(1964): 36-40. (Timber production in Finland)

Yaffee, S. 1994. The Wisdom of the Spotted Owl. Island Press, Covelo, California. 350 pp. (Pacific Northwest, USA)

Young, J. 1995. Towards a new culture of consumption. People & the Planet 4(1): 10-13.

Young, K. 1994. Roads and the environmental degradation of tropical montane forests. Conservation Biology 8(4): 972- 976.

Yu, D. 1994. Free trade is green, protectionism is not. Conservation Biology 8(4): 989-996.

Zandstra, I. 1994. Japanese, Swiss, Germans collaborate with CIP to save endangered biodiversity of Andean roots and tubers. DIVERSITY 10(4): 31-33. (CIP, International Potato Institute)

Zazueta, A. 1995. A Matter of Interest: Environment, Equity, and Participation in Policymaking. World Resources Institute, Washington, DC. 60 pp.

Ziegler, D. and Harris, S. 1994. Aspley River South Esk Pine Reserve: a survey of its vascular plants and recommendations for management. Tasmanian Naturalist 116: 45-51. (Protection of vulnerable species)

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